Mtundu wa mphamvu yamaginito yokhala ndi maginito amphamvu

Mitundu ya maginitoMaginito Amphamvu Kwambiri: Popanda mphamvu yamagetsi yakunja, chifukwa cha kusinthana kwa ma electron kapena kuyanjana kwina pakati pa ma atomu oyandikana ndi maginito, maginito awo amagonjetsa mphamvu ya kayendedwe ka kutentha, maginito amphamvu ali mu dongosolo loletsedwa pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chodabwitsa. nthawi ya maginito.Maginito akunja akagwiritsidwa ntchito, maginito ake amasintha ndi mphamvu yakunja yofanana ndi ya ferromagnetic.Ferromagnetism ndi antiferromagnetism ali ndi chikhalidwe chofanana, koma maginito osakanikirana ndi maginito a ferromagnets amasiyana mosiyana, kotero pali mphindi yochepetsera modzidzimutsa, yofanana ndi ferromagnet.Ferrites nthawi zambiri ndi ferromagnets.

Diamagnetism ndi nthawi ya maginito ya ma electron mu ma atomu a chinthu ndipo nthawi ya maginito ndi ziro.Koma pamene aMaginito Amphamvu Osowa Padziko Lapansizimayendetsedwa ndi mphamvu ya maginito yakunja, kayendedwe ka electron orbital idzasintha, ndi kupanga kamphindi kakang'ono ka maginito kamene kali kosiyana ndi maginito akunja.Maginito amphamvu amayimira mphamvu ya maginito ya chinthu ndipo chiwopsezocho chimakhala nambala yaying'ono yolakwika.Kutengeka kwa maginito ndi chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ya maginito ya chinthu pansi pa mphamvu ya maginito yakunja (yotchedwa magnetization) ku mphamvu ya maginito, ndi chizindikiro κ.Chiwopsezo cha zinthu zonse za antimagnetic ndi pafupifupi gawo limodzi pa miliyoni (-10-6).

Mphamvu ya maginito ya paramagnetism ndi yabwino, 1 ~ 3 kukula kwake kuposa diamagnetism, X ndi pafupifupi 10-5 ~ 10-3, kutsatira lamulo la Curie kapena lamulo la Curie-Weiss.Pamene pali ayoni, maatomu kapena mamolekyu opanda ma elekitironi awiriawiri mu aMaginito Amphamvu Okhazikika, pali ma spin angular mphamvu ndi orbital angular kuthamanga kwa ma elekitironi, kotero pali ma spin maginito mphindi ndi orbital maginito mphindi.Pansi pa mphamvu ya maginito yakunja, mphindi yoyambilira ya maginito idzakhala yolunjika, motero ikuwonetsa paramagnetism.