Ndi machitidwe otani a maginito omwe amaphatikizidwa muzinthu zokhazikika?
Zochita zazikulu zamaginito zimaphatikizapo remanence(Br), maginito induction coercivity(bHc), intrinsic coercivity(jHc), and maximum energy product (BH)Max.Kupatula izi, pali zisudzo zina zingapo: Curie Temperature(Tc), Working Temperature(Tw), kutentha kwa remanence(α), kutentha kokwanira kwa intrinsic coercivity(β), permeability recovery of rec(μrec) ndi demagnetization curve rectangularity. (Hk/jHc).
Kodi mphamvu ya maginito ndi chiyani?
M'chaka cha 1820, wasayansi HCOersted ku Denmark adapeza kuti singano pafupi ndi waya yomwe ili ndi zowonongeka zamakono, zomwe zimasonyeza ubale wofunikira pakati pa magetsi ndi maginito, ndiye, Electromagnetics anabadwa.Zochita zimasonyeza kuti mphamvu ya maginito ndi mphamvu ya maginito yomwe ili ndi panopa waya wopandamalire wopangidwa mozungulira ndi wofanana ndi kukula kwake, ndipo ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi mtunda wa waya.Mu SI unit dongosolo, tanthauzo la kunyamula 1 amperes panopa wopandamalire waya pa mtunda wa 1/ waya (2 pi) maginito mphamvu mamita mtunda ndi 1A/m (an / M);kukumbukira zomwe Oersted adathandizira pamagetsi amagetsi, mu unit of CGS system, tanthauzo la kunyamula 1 amperes ya conductor yaposachedwa yopanda malire mu mphamvu yamaginito ya 0.2 waya mtunda mtunda ndi 1Oe cm (Oster), 1/ (1Oe = 4 PI) * 103A/m, ndipo mphamvu ya maginito nthawi zambiri imawonetsedwa mu H.
Kodi maginito polarization (J), magnetization mphamvu (M) ndi chiyani, pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa awiriwa?
Kafukufuku wamakono a maginito akuwonetsa kuti zochitika zonse za maginito zimachokera ku zomwe zilipo panopa, zomwe zimatchedwa maginito dipole. The torque yaikulu ya magnetic field mu vacuum ndi maginito dipole mphindi Pm pa unit kunja maginito maginito, ndi maginito dipole mphindi pa unit voliyumu zakuthupi ndi J, ndipo gawo la SI ndi T (Tesla).Vector ya maginito mphindi pa voliyumu ya zinthu ndi M, ndi mphindi ya maginito ndi Pm/ μ0, ndi SI unit ndi A/m (M/m).Choncho, mgwirizano pakati pa M ndi J: J = μ0M, μ0 ndi wa vacuum permeability, mu SI unit, μ0 = 4π * 10-7H/m (H / m).
Kodi mphamvu ya maginito induction intensity (B) ndi chiyani (B), kuchuluka kwa maginito (B), pali ubale wotani pakati pa B ndi H, J, M?
Mphamvu ya maginito ikagwiritsidwa ntchito pa sing'anga iliyonse ya H, mphamvu ya maginito mkati mwa sing'anga si yofanana ndi H, koma mphamvu ya maginito ya H kuphatikizapo maginito a maginito J. Chifukwa chakuti mphamvu ya maginito mkati mwa zinthu imasonyezedwa ndi maginito kumunda H kupyolera mukatikati mwa kulowetsedwa.Kuti tisiyanitse ndi H, timatcha sing'anga yolowetsa maginito, yomwe imatchedwa B: B = μ0H+J (SI unit) B=H+4πM (mayunitsi a CGS)
Chigawo cha mphamvu ya maginito B ndi T, ndipo CGS unit ndi Gs (1T = 10Gs).Zomwe zimachitika maginito zimatha kuyimiridwa momveka bwino ndi mizere ya maginito, ndipo maginito olowetsa maginito B amathanso kufotokozedwa ngati maginito osakanikirana.Magnetic induction B ndi maginito kuchulukirachulukira B angagwiritsidwe ntchito ponseponse pamalingaliro.
Zomwe zimatchedwa remanence (Br), zomwe zimatchedwa maginito coercive force (bHc), kodi mphamvu yokakamiza (jHc) ndi chiyani?
Magnet maginito maginito maginito kuti machulukitsidwe pambuyo kuchotsa kwa kunja kwa maginito mu dziko lotsekedwa, maginito maginito polarization J ndi mkati maginito induction B ndipo sizidzatha chifukwa cha kutha kwa H ndi kunja kwa maginito, ndipo kusunga mtengo wina wake.Mtengowu umatchedwa maginito otsalira a maginito, omwe amatchedwa remanence Br, SI unit ndi T, CGS unit ndi Gs (1T=10⁴Gs).The demagnetization pamapindikira a maginito okhazikika, pamene n'zosiyana maginito maginito H ukuwonjezeka kwa mtengo wa bHc, ndi maginito kupatsidwa mphamvu maginito B maginito anali 0, wotchedwa H mtengo wa n'zosiyana maginito zinthu maginito coercivity wa bHc;mu reverse magnetic field H = bHc, sasonyeza mphamvu ya kunja maginito flux, ndi coercivity wa bHc makhalidwe okhazikika maginito chuma kukana kunja n'zosiyana maginito mphamvu kapena demagnetization zotsatira.Coercivity bHc ndi imodzi mwamagawo ofunikira pamapangidwe amagetsi amagetsi.Pamene n'zosiyana maginito H = bHc, ngakhale maginito si kusonyeza flux maginito, koma mphamvu maginito maginito J amakhalabe phindu lalikulu malangizo oyambirira.Chifukwa chake, mphamvu ya maginito ya bHc sizokwanira kuwonetsa maginito.Pamene reverse magnetic field H ikukwera kufika ku jHc, vekitala ya micromagnetic dipole maginito mkati ndi 0. The reverse magnetic field value amatchedwa intrinsic coercivity of jHc.Coercivity jHc ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri lazinthu zokhazikika zamaginito, ndipo ndi mawonekedwe azinthu zamaginito osatha kukana reverse reverse magnetic field kapena demagnetization effect, kukhalabe ndi index yofunikira ya kuthekera kwake koyambirira kwa magnetization.
Kodi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zamagetsi (BH) m ndi chiyani?
Mu BH pamapindikira a demagnetization ya zinthu zokhazikika maginito (pa quadrant yachiwiri), maginito osiyanasiyana ofanana ali pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yogwirira ntchito.Mphepete mwa BH demagnetization pamfundo inayake pa Bm ndi Hm (zopingasa ndi zopingasa) zimayimira kukula kwa maginito ndi mphamvu ya maginito ndi mphamvu ya maginito ya boma.Kutha kwa BM ndi HM kwa mtengo wathunthu wa mankhwala Bm * Hm ndi m'malo mwa ntchito ya kunja kwa maginito, yomwe ili yofanana ndi mphamvu ya maginito yosungidwa mu maginito, yotchedwa BHmax.Magneti mumtundu wamtengo wapatali (BmHm) amayimira mphamvu ya maginito yakunja yogwira ntchito, yotchedwa mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri ya maginito, kapena mphamvu yamagetsi, yomwe imatchedwa (BH) m.BHmax unit mu SI system ndi J/m3 (joules/m3), ndi CGS system ya MGOe , 1MGOe = 10²/4π kJ/m3.
Kodi kutentha kwa Curie (Tc) ndi chiyani, kutentha kwa maginito (Tw) ndi chiyani?
Kutentha kwa Curie ndi kutentha komwe maginito a maginito amatsitsidwa mpaka ziro, ndipo ndiye mfundo yofunika kwambiri pakusintha kwa zinthu za ferromagnetic kapena ferrimagnetic kukhala zida za paramagnetic.Kutentha kwa Curie Tc kumangogwirizana ndi kapangidwe kazinthuzo ndipo kulibe mgwirizano ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono azinthuzo.Pa kutentha kwina, mphamvu ya maginito ya zinthu zokhazikika zamaginito imatha kuchepetsedwa ndi mitundu yodziwika bwino poyerekeza ndi kutentha kwachipinda.Kutentha kumatchedwa kutentha kwa ntchito ya maginito Tw.Kuchuluka kwa kuchepetsa mphamvu ya maginito kumadalira kugwiritsa ntchito maginito, ndi mtengo wosadziwika, maginito okhazikika omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana ndi kutentha kwa ntchito Tw.Kutentha kwa Curie kwa Tc magnetic material kumayimira chiphunzitso cha kutentha kwa kutentha kwa zinthuzo.Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti Tw yogwira ntchito ya maginito aliwonse okhazikika sikungokhudzana ndi Tc, komanso yokhudzana ndi maginito a maginito, monga jHc, ndi momwe maginito amagwirira ntchito mu dera la maginito.
Kodi maginito permeability wa maginito okhazikika (μrec), J demagnetization curve squareness ndi chiyani (Hk / jHc), amatanthauza?
Tanthauzo la demagnetization pamapindikira a BH maginito ntchito malo D kubwereza kusintha njanji mzere kumbuyo maginito mphamvu, otsetsereka mzere kwa permeability kubwerera μrec.Mwachiwonekere, kubwereranso permeability μrec kumasonyeza kukhazikika kwa maginito pansi pazigawo zogwira ntchito.Ndilo kukula kwa maginito okhazikika a BH demagnetization curve, ndipo ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zamaginito zamaginito okhazikika.Kwa sintered Nd-Fe-B maginito, μrec = 1.02-1.10, yaying'ono μrec ndi, bwino kukhazikika kwa maginito pansi pazigawo zogwira ntchito.
Kodi maginito ozungulira ndi chiyani, maginito otseguka, otsekeka?
Dongosolo la maginito limatchedwa gawo linalake la mpweya, lomwe limaphatikizidwa ndi maginito amodzi kapena ambiri, waya wonyamulira, chitsulo molingana ndi mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwake.Chitsulo chikhoza kukhala chitsulo choyera, chitsulo chochepa cha carbon, Ni-Fe, Ni-Co alloy chokhala ndi zipangizo zamakono.Chitsulo chofewa, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti goli, chimasewera kuyendetsa bwino, kuonjezera mphamvu ya maginito amderalo, kuteteza kapena kuchepetsa kutulutsa kwa maginito, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zamakina a zigawo za gawo la maginito.Maginito a maginito amodzi nthawi zambiri amatchedwa malo otseguka pamene chitsulo chofewa palibe;pamene maginito ali mu kayendedwe ka flux wopangidwa ndi chitsulo chofewa, maginito akuti ali mu dera lotsekedwa.
Kodi maginito a sintered Nd-Fe-B ndi chiyani?
Zomwe zimapangidwira maginito a sintered Nd-Fe-B:
| Kupindika Mphamvu /MPa | Kupsinjika Mphamvu / MPa | Kulimba / Hv | Yong Modulus /kN/mm2 | Elongation/% |
| 250-450 | 1000-1200 | 600-620 | 150-160 | 0 |
Zitha kuwoneka kuti maginito a sintered Nd-Fe-B ndi chinthu chowoneka bwino.Panthawi yokonza, kusonkhanitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maginito, m'pofunika kusamala kuti maginito asagwedezeke kwambiri, kugundana, komanso kupanikizika kwambiri, kuti mupewe kusweka kapena kugwa kwa maginito.Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti mphamvu yamaginito ya sintered Nd-Fe-B maginito ndi yamphamvu kwambiri m'boma la magnetized, anthu ayenera kusamalira chitetezo chawo pamene akugwira ntchito, kuteteza zala kukwera ndi mphamvu yamphamvu yokoka.
Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhudza kulondola kwa maginito a sintered Nd-Fe-B?
Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kulondola kwa sintered Nd-Fe-B maginito ndi iye processing zida, zida ndi processing luso, ndi luso mlingo wa woyendetsa, etc. Komanso, yaying'ono-mapangidwe a zinthu ali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa. kulondola kwa makina a maginito.Mwachitsanzo, maginito ndi gawo lalikulu coarse njere, pamwamba sachedwa kukhala maenje pa Machining boma;maginito matenda kukula mbewu, pamwamba Machining boma sachedwa kukhala nyerere dzenje;kachulukidwe, kapangidwe kake ndi mawonekedwe ake ndizosafanana, kukula kwa chamfer kumakhala kosagwirizana;maginito okhala ndi okosijeni wapamwamba kwambiri amakhala osasunthika, ndipo sachedwa kutsika pang'onopang'ono panthawi yopanga makina;maginito gawo lalikulu la mbewu coarse ndi Nd wolemera gawo kugawa si yunifolomu, yunifolomu plating adhesion ndi gawo lapansi, ❖ kuyanika makulidwe ofanana, ndi kukana dzimbiri ❖ kuyanika adzakhala oposa gawo lalikulu la mbewu zabwino ndi kugawa yunifolomu Nd. wolemera gawo kusiyana maginito thupi.Kuti apeze zinthu zamaginito za Nd-Fe-B zolondola kwambiri, injiniya wopangira zinthu, mainjiniya wamakina ndi wogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kulumikizana kwathunthu ndi kugwirizana wina ndi mnzake.